Coping head and bit



(No Model.)

J. KUBHNLE.

GOPING HEAD AND BIT.V

Patented June 18, 1895.

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\. 1 izq-gni@ E12/Enid? l To all whom it may concorre.;

, and deepVunder-c-uts where ithas to reach far vthefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact descrlptlon of the invention, such as will enable UNITED STATES 'd JOHN KUEHNLE, OF

:PATENT OFFICE.

CINCINNATI, OHIO.

CoPlNe HEADIAND BlT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 541,100, dated June 18, 1895.

Application filed January 9, 1 8 95 .v'

Be it known that I, JOHN KUEHNLE, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Cincinnati, Hamilton county, State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Impro vements in Coping-Heads; and I do declare others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, attention being called to the accompanying drawings, with the reference-numerals marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in cutter-heads and bits for coping and tenoning machines, to which latter they form usually' attachments. They are'particularlyintended for such work where parts with moldings on their edges are to be mortised together and where for such reason the shoulders on the tenons have to be cut under on a line which is the reverse of the molding on the mortised part, in order to permit the two parts andthe moldings thereon, to come fully together and meet on a close joint.

The novel features comprise first a cutterhead which is so constructed that it permits the attachment of the particular form of bit which I use by a particular form of locking collar, in a manner that the bit may be adj usted and-.moved up to the cutting line as it wears off, wherebythe life of such bit is ex# tended and the same maybe almost completely used up. Y

The other novel feature consists of Ythis specifically constructed locking and clamping collar whereby the bit is secured to the cutter-head and held thereon in its adjusted position. All parts are constructed in a manner to permit their manufacture by turning on a lathe whereby a considerable reduction in expenses is attained.

The bit is improved in a manner that none4 of its parts, (shoulders) whereby it is held in positionproject outside or above the line on whichit cuts, so that none of such parts interfere when the cutter is used on long tenons out for such purpose. In the following specification and particureceive the tenon 12, of a cross-rail 13.

Serial No. 534,343. (No model.)

larly pointed out in the claims at theend thereof, is found a full description of my invention, its operation, parts and construction, which latter is also illustrated in the accompanying drawings, invwhichj Figure 1 shows in a perspective view at a reduced scale parts of a wooden construction where it is necessary to use coping cutterheads and bits. Fig. 2 shows in an elevation a set of coping-heads in operation. Fig. 3 is a top view`of such a set of two coping-heads as shown in the preceding figure. Fig. 4 is an end View of one of the coping-heads with bit removed. Fig. 5 is a part of Fig. 3 with the locking and clamping collar which holds the bit removed. Fig. 6 is a central vertical section through the locking and clamping collar when in position with the bit on the cutter-head. Fig. 7 is an'under side and Fig. 8 a side elevation ofthe said locking and clampingcollar.

lOne ot' the most commonly occurring cases where these cutterheads are used is illustrated in Fig. 1, where 10 represents the upright rail or stile of a door, which is mortised at ll,to The inner edges of these rails and cross-pieces which receive the door-panels are usually provided With a molding and in order to let the parts come together and obtain a completely closed joint, and nice lnish,it is necessary that the ,shoulders 14, of the tenons be cut- Iunder, on a line in reverse to the molding on the .stile 10, as may be readily understood. The shaping of this under-cutting, in addition to forming the tenen, is the work which these cutter-heads and their bits perform. Two of the former, designated by 15, are secured opposite each otherto spindles 16, usually upright, whereby theyare rotated, while the work is held on al sliding table, or support and moved through between them. terheads` are adjustable to and from each other, to cut tenons of various thicknesses.

the required profile for the reversed molding on a circular piece of steel, which is then quartered to make four bits, one of the edges on each, arising from such division, forming the cutting edge 18. As this latter wears The cut- 'Their bits 17 are usually formed by turning 95 ICO back and the bit is reduced `by resharpening, the properprotile ofthe cutting edge is always readily preserved. On the inside these bits have two shoulders 19 and 20, extending down and upwardly from a neck 21, which forms the connecting member between thernivand` the bit proper and beyond the face of which latter, that is above and below, they do not project. These shoulders are cuton a circu-` lar line and fit into circular grooves 22 and 23 respectively, the former cut into arms 2l,

of the cutterheads, thelatter into the innert surface of locking and clamping. collars25.`

There are two of these latter, each holding a bit to each of the two arms 24, of the two cutter-heads which work` together while `ont each, between said arms, a hubi26lisvpro` vided whereby they are secured to their spindles. The clam p=collars have avertical flange 27, which is partly cnt out at 28,\to clearineck.

2l of the bit, the lengthof "such cut-out corresponding exactly with` thelength of neck 21, so that when the bit is in position,itmay not move laterally on said collar. Theselattei` are secured and held in position byl screwsA 29, passing centrally through them and into arms 24, clamping the bitsbetween themand` preventing them from receding fromitheirl position-when cutting against the wood. In order to make this clamping `action as eifective aspossible and concentrate it upon shoulders 19 and `2O ot' the bit, the 'edge of flange 27 of the collars from apoint 30, diametri cally opposite the center of cut-out 28 `and to i eachside therefrom toward said cut-out, isi slightly cut down, see particularly Fig; 8; so

that only this highest partof the collar at 30, rests on the cutter-head and the whole pressure of screws-29 is thrown by its other `part, oppositefrom 30,upon the shoulders ofthe bit.

The cutting edge of the latter readily cleat" themselves while in operationl by reason of at 3l, see particularly Fig. 4, whereby only the front corner ofsaidI edge, being coiuci-A dent with the lower corner ot the cutting edge of the bit, comes in contact \vithtl1e-Wood.

As the cutting edge Wearsbacl; andthe `bit diminishesby use and resharpening, it

may be movedup and adjusted again yto its ive of the reduction of these-latter, the 1parts by which the bits are heldin position-remain alwaysintact, to be clamped down by the locking-collars. In this `manner the cutting 'part of the bits may be almost completely consumed, so that their useful life is greatly prolonged.

Insmall bitsforlight work, the groove in collar 25, and the upper shoulder 20 on the bits may be omitted, the collar simply bca'r- `ing down upon necks 2l,but in most cases it will be found preferable to construct these parts as shown. t Part of grooves-22, 23, (about half) is never occupied by the shoulders on the bits, and for this reason is practically not needed, but the cutting of the other half, being on a true circle, is very much facilitated by cutting them out clear aroundlwherebyvthe work may be readily done onaturning lathe.

In= addition to the uses described these cutter-heads-when providedwith bits properly shaped for the purpose mayalso be used on molding, frizzing and similar machines for cutting moldings Havingdescribed myinvention, I claim as new- 1. A cutter-head for coping machines, adapted to be attached to a `spindle `for rota tion and provided withi laterally extending arms 24, in combination-with bits to be attached to the outer endsiof these latter which are provided with projections extending rearwardly of their cutting face, clamping collars reaching over and engaging with these rearward projectionsonithe bits, screws 29 passing through these collars and into arms 24 for the `purpose oflclamping thebitsbetween the collar-sand arms below, parts ot the collars beingreduced in heightlto prevent them from resting `fully on arms 24, exceptat a pointat IOO 30, diametrically oppositefrom where they engage with the; bits for the purposes explainedf 2. A cutter-- head fori coping machines, adapted to be attached to a spindle for rotation andprovided with laterally extending jarms24, bitsat theouter endsot these arms, havin g rea rwardly projecting necks back of their cutting face, individual, circular locking collars for each bit, each collar having the vertical flange A27, which is cut out at 28, to

,receive the neck ot-4 the bits, whereby these latter areprevented froml `receding from their adjusted 'position and .bolts to hold the locking collars to `arms-2t with the bits `clamped between.

y 3. A cutter-headforcoping machines, adapted to be attached to a spindle for rota- `,tion and provided withilaterally extending armsi24, bits at the outer endsof these latter,

yhaving `a rearwardlyprojecting neck back of their cutting face, combined locking and `clam ping collars reaching over and engaging with these neckson the bits and having flanges IIC 2'7, which are cut out to receive said`necks metrically opposite from where said flanges whereby the bits are held in position and preare cutout. i v 1o vented from receding while cutting, bolts In testimony whereof I hereunto ax my f passing through the collars and into arms 24, signature in presence of two witnesses.

5 clamping the necks of the bits between them, JOHN KUEHNLE.

parts of flange 27, of the collars being re- Witnesses: Y duced in height to prevent it from resting C. SPENGEL,

fully on arms 24, except at a part at 30, dia- C. FINN.

\. i i f 

